Strengthening Legal Protections for Healthcare Workers in Infectious Disease Control
A Case Study of Mohammad Noer General Hospital in Pamekasan, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61806/al-tatawur.v3i2.52Keywords:
Health Regulation, Healthcare Workers, Indonesia, Infectious Diseases, Legal ProtectionAbstract
This study explores the legal protections for healthcare workers in managing infectious diseases in Indonesia, with a specific focus on Mohammad Noer General Hospital in Pamekasan. Healthcare workers are at the forefront of public health crises and face significant legal, physical, and psychological risks. These include malpractice claims, workplace violence, infection exposure, and mental health pressures—many of which stem from the absence of comprehensive legal safeguards. Although Indonesia has enacted regulations such as Law No. 36 of 2009 on Health and Law No. 4 of 1984 on Communicable Disease Outbreaks, their implementation remains inconsistent and lacks enforceable mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the adequacy of existing legal frameworks, identify the obstacles faced in their application, and offer policy recommendations to enhance the legal protection of medical personnel. Using a normative juridical approach, the research involved a combination of statutory analysis, interviews with healthcare professionals and health law experts, as well as comparative legal studies involving Malaysia and Singapore. The findings indicate that Indonesia's current legal provisions do not explicitly grant legal immunity to healthcare workers operating under emergency conditions, nor do they sufficiently address the risks of occupational infection and violence. The study also uncovered gaps in institutional support systems, such as access to mental health services, protective equipment, and adequate health insurance coverage. As a result, the study recommends a multi-pronged approach: revising national health legislation to include specific protections and immunities during health emergencies; establishing a dedicated dispute resolution mechanism for health-related legal cases; and improving the welfare of healthcare workers through better financial incentives, occupational safety policies, and comprehensive insurance schemes. Strengthening these legal protections is essential to safeguard the rights and well-being of medical personnel while ensuring the continuity and resilience of Indonesia’s healthcare system in times of crisis.
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