Dynamics of Health Law in Handling the Global Health Crisis: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Case Study in Madura Island, East Java Province, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61806/al-tatawur.v3i2.49Keywords:
Health Law, COVID-19, Law Enforcement, Public Perception, Pandemic CrisisAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted critical challenges in the enforcement of health laws, particularly in regions with unique socio-cultural characteristics like Madura, Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of health law implementation during the pandemic, identify obstacles faced by government authorities and communities, and explore public perceptions regarding the effectiveness of health regulations. A qualitative case study method was employed, conducted in four regencies in Madura: Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. The study applied purposive sampling, involving 44 key informants, including government officials (Dinas Kesehatan, BPBD, Satgas COVID-19), healthcare workers, community leaders, local residents, and academic experts. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, followed by thematic analysis to interpret the findings. The results reveal that while health regulations such as PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions) and PPKM (Community Activity Restrictions) were implemented, enforcement was hindered by low public awareness, resistance to vaccination, and weak local governance. Community perceptions were divided, with some acknowledging the importance of health regulations, while others expressed resistance due to cultural beliefs and misinformation. The findings suggest that strengthening community engagement, improving local governance, and enhancing communication strategies are crucial for effective health law enforcement during health crises. This study provides insights into health law dynamics in regional contexts and informs policy improvements for future crisis management.
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